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Established in 2008 and headquartered in Beijing, CSFS provides capital markets services in the Chinese domestic market, including sponsoring and underwriting A-shares, foreign investment shares, and government and corporate bonds. It also provides financial advisory services, Credit Suisse said. Since October 2016, the business has also operated a securities brokerage operation in Shenzhen Qianhai. Credit Suisse has been present in China for more than 30 years. Its franchise includes equities, investment banking and capital markets, and private banking. It also has an asset management joint venture — ICBC Credit Suisse Asset Management Co Ltd — with total assets under management of nearly 1.3 trillion yuan ($193.78 billion) as of the end of 2018.

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The U.S, Supreme Court on Monday cast aside pharmaceutical company Allergan Plc’s unorthodox bid to shield patents from a federal administrative court’s review by transferring them to a Native American tribe, The justices left in place a lower court ruling upholding the authority of a U.S, Patent and Trademark Office tribunal to decide the validity of patents covering Allergan’s dry eye drug Restasis, silver flower cufflinks refusing to hear the company’s appeal, Allergan had argued that the tribe’s sovereign status under federal law made the patents immune from administrative review by the agency..

Generic drug company Mylan NV, seeking to sell its own lower-cost version of Restasis, in 2016 asked the agency’s Patent Trial and Appeal Board to invalidate the Allergan patents on the grounds that they described obvious ideas. Allergan, which has its headquarters in Dublin, in September 2017 transferred the patents to New York’s Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe, which took legal ownership of the patents and then licensed them back to Allergan in exchange for ongoing payments. Allergan said it was protecting itself from the patent court, which it called a flawed and biased forum. The company said it did not object to the validity of its patents being reviewed by federal judges but took issue with the administrative court.

U.S, lawmakers from both political parties have called Allergan’s deal with the tribe a sham, The patent tribunal in February 2018 rejected Allergan’s maneuver, saying tribal sovereign immunity does not apply to its patent review proceedings, The U.S, Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which specializes in patent law, affirmed that decision five months later, Separate from the current court fight, the Restasis patents already have been invalidated, In October 2017, a federal judge in Texas took that step instead of silver flower cufflinks waiting for the patent board to rule, a decision that was upheld on appeal, Mylan and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd have sought approval from U.S, regulators to sell generic versions of Restasis..

(Reuters) - Apple Inc and its allies on Monday will kick off a jury trial against chip supplier Qualcomm Inc in San Diego, alleging that Qualcomm engaged in illegal patent licensing practices and seeking up to $27 billion in damages. Qualcomm, for its part, alleges that Apple forced its longtime business partners to quit paying some royalties and is seeking up to $15 billion. Filed by Apple in early 2017, the lawsuit in federal court revolves around the modem chips that connect devices like the iPhone or Apple Watch to wireless data networks. Qualcomm has spent the past two years mounting a pressure campaign of smaller legal skirmishes against Apple, seeking - and in some cases obtaining - iPhone sales bans for violating its patents.

The trial before Judge Gonzalo Curiel will play out on Qualcomm’s home turf of San Diego, where for decades the city’s National Football League team played in Qualcomm Stadium and nearly every silver flower cufflinks business district hosts the mobile chip firm’s logo, For Apple, the trial is about the freedom to determine its own technology path for blockbuster products by buying chips without having to pay what it calls a “tax” on its innovations in the form of patent licensing fees to Qualcomm that take a cut of the selling price of its devices..

For Qualcomm, the trial, along with similar allegations from U.S. regulators in a January court hearing, will determine the fate of its unique blend of selling chips and licensing more than 130,000 patents. Licensing generates most of Qualcomm profits. The model propelled Qualcomm from a small contract research and development shop when founded in 1985 to a global chip powerhouse important enough to U.S. national security that President Donald Trump personally intervened to prevent a hostile takeover of the company last year.

“This is the day of reckoning that Qualcomm has silver flower cufflinks been very fortunate to avoid for many years,” said Gaston Kroub, a patent attorney with Kroub, Silbersher & Kolmykov who is not involved in the case, “In Apple, they’ve finally come up against a potential licensee that has the resources and the will to put Qualcomm’s business model and licensing practices on trial.”, Qualcomm requires device makers to sign a license to its patents before it will supply chips, which it views as a commonsense measure to ensure it does not do business with companies violating its patents, But Apple and other device makers around the world have called the “no license, no chips” policy a form of “double dipping” - that is, charging for the same intellectual property once during licensing discussions, and then again in the price of the chips where the patents are embodied..

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